This Week in ESG and Impact Investing

Federal Reserve Chairman Kevin Warsh’s August 28, 2026 Jackson Hole speech deserves careful attention because it provides the clearest indication yet of how he intends to define Federal Reserve credibility. Warsh declared that the Federal Reserve’s 2 percent inflation target is “firm” and “fixed,” said current inflation remains too high and concluded that the Fed’s “predominant focus right now should be on prices.” He also made clear that he regards short-term interest rates as the Fed’s predominant monetary-policy tool and unconventional interventions as appropriate principally for genuine crises. Warsh and Rate Hikes: CIR On Point On July 29, Creative Investment Research (CIR) issued a warning titled “Federal Reserve May Consider Rate Hike to Establish Chairman Warsh’s Inflation-fighting Credibility.” We argued that Warsh faced an unusual institutional problem: as a newly installed chairman operating amid intense political pressure for lower rates, he might feel compelled to establi...

The United States has now crossed a fiscal threshold that once seemed unimaginable: federal debt exceeds $40 trillion .  Reuters reports that approximately $32.3 trillion is debt held by the public , with another roughly $7.8 trillion in intragovernmental holdings . It also reports that federal debt has increased by approximately $11.6 trillion during Donald Trump's two terms to date . For decades, Republican fiscal policy has combined large tax cuts with continued federal spending and then used the resulting deficits to justify demands for reductions in domestic programs. That pattern stretches from Ronald Reagan through George W. Bush and Donald Trump. The assertion that Republicans as a whole deliberately want the United States to default cannot be dismissed . Concerns about deliberate default strategies are not imaginary. In May 2023, Donald Trump publicly urged congressional Republicans to allow the United States to default if Democrats did not accept spending cuts. We argue...

The U.S. economy expanded at an annualized rate of 1.5% during the second quarter of 2026 , according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA), a slowdown from the 2.1% pace recorded in the first quarter. The data suggests an economy that is still fundamentally resilient. Consumer spending accelerated, business investment —particularly in artificial intelligence infrastructure—grew. Exports increased, offset in part by lower government spending and the continuing drag from trade dynamics. For minority business advocates, however, the GDP report raises a more important question: Where are Minority Business Enterprises (MBEs) in America's growth strategy? Looking Beyond the Headline The true driver of economic activity consumer spending (accounting for 70% of GDP) increased significantly during the quarter, and private investment continued to support expansion. Real final sales to private domestic purchasers remained considerably stronger than the overall GDP figure. Sustained econom...

 Federal Reserve Chairman Kevin Warsh has launched one of the most ambitious internal reviews of the central bank in decades. Five new advisory task forces will examine the Federal Reserve's approach to communications, balance sheet policy, economic data, productivity and jobs, and inflation frameworks—the analytical foundations that shape U.S. monetary policy. The effort is significant. Chairman Warsh has made clear that he intends to reconsider many of the assumptions that have guided the Federal Reserve since the Global Financial Crisis, arguing that the economy has changed dramatically and that the central bank must modernize its analytical tools. The task forces are expected to make recommendations to the Federal Open Market Committee later this year. Yet one aspect of the announcement deserves far more attention than it has received. Among the fifteen external leaders selected to guide these task forces, there are no Black economists, business leaders, financial market expert...

The Supreme Court’s decision in Trump v. Cook is more than a procedural ruling about one Federal Reserve governor. It is a warning about the fragility of central bank integrity and a reminder that the Federal Reserve Act means what it says. The Court denied the government’s request to let President Trump remove Governor Lisa Cook while litigation continues. In so doing, it rejected the claim that the president’s determination of “cause” is operationally unreviewable, that any alleged concern about a central bank governor’s conduct is enough, and that courts cannot preserve a governor’s status. That matters for every bank, investor, borrower and regulator in the country. The Federal Reserve is the central institution responsible for monetary policy, bank supervision and the stability of the U.S. financial system. Its independence is not a courtesy extended by presidents. It is essential for market confidence. The Court understood this. It emphasized that Federal Reserve governors serve...

  The Federal Reserve's preferred measure of inflation sent a clear message in May: inflation remains stubbornly high. The Personal Consumption Expenditures (PCE) Price Index increased 0.4 percent in May and 4.1 percent over the past year , the highest annual inflation rate in roughly three years. Core PCE—which excludes the volatile food and energy categories—rose 3.4 percent from a year earlier. While the three-month annualized pace of core inflation has moderated from 4.4 percent in February to 3.5 percent in May , inflation remains well above the Federal Reserve's 2 percent target. Consumer spending and personal income both increased 0.7 percent , demonstrating that demand remains resilient despite higher prices. For Black- and minority-owned businesses (MBEs), these data present both immediate challenges and longer-term strategic implications. Inflation Is Not Neutral Inflation does not affect every business equally. Minority-owned firms are disproportionately concentra...

American Banker Newspaper BankThink:  Powell is right to stay at the Fed; the central bank needs continuity.  By William Michael Cunningham Published May 01, 2026, 7:30 a.m. EDT Jerome Powell has indicated that he will buck tradition by remaining on the Federal Reserve Board after his term as chair expires. Bloomberg News • Key insight: Jerome Powell's decision to remain on the Federal Reserve Board is not a break with tradition for its own sake. It is a response to conditions that justify it. • What's at stake: Recent developments make clear that the institutional guardrails surrounding the Federal Reserve System are being actively tested. • Forward look: By choosing to remain at the Fed, Powell is reinforcing the principle that central bank independence is a core institutional requirement that must be actively protected. This week marks a pivotal moment for the Federal Reserve. With Kevin Warsh advancing toward confirmation and Jerome Powell concluding what is likely h...

Figure 1 - Federal Reserve Distributional Financial Accounts (DFA): Wealth Concentration, Pandemic Bump and Post 2022 Reversal. DFA data via FRED. FAR Stress Ratio is a CIR-Developed metric: Top 1% Share divided by the Bottom 50% Share.  The latest report highlighted in Federal Reserve System data and discussed in this TheStreet article ( TheStreet ) makes a stark point: wealthy Americans are pulling further ahead at a pace “with no historical precedent,” reshaping how the economy functions beneath seemingly resilient headline numbers.  This is not just a story about the rich getting richer. It is evidence of a structural transformation of the U.S. economy — one that I have warned about for decades in my books , regulatory filings , and amicus briefs . The implications are particularly severe for Black and minority-owned firms, whose wealth base is thinner, whose capital access is more constrained, and whose exposure to macroeconomic shocks is higher. A K-Shaped Economy Is Now...

On March 26, 2026, I attended a public meeting at the Federal Reserve Board of Governors on the Economic Growth and Regulatory Paperwork Reduction Act. I expected something highly technical and removed from everyday realities, but the conversation returned to the same concerns.  The meeting was divided into four panels: supervision, banking regulations, innovation, and consumer protection. The discussion centered on two themes: inconsistency in supervision and the pressure placed on community banks.  Panelists came from different institutions, but their concerns overlapped. The first panel on bank supervision made it clear that the issue is not a lack of rules, but how unevenly those rules are applied. Several speakers highlighted the issue of weak communication between regulators and banks, noting that expectations shift depending on the examiner or agency involved, which creates unpredictability that makes the system more difficult to navigate.  Instead of operating wit...

Federal Reserve Board Vice Chair Philip N. Jefferson spoke at Brookings on Friday Feb 6, 2026. His key point was that, while inflation is still at 3%, already above the target of 2%, he expects inflation to fall as the tariffs make their full way through the system. In his judgment, this is a one-time price level change rather than an ongoing price increase spiral since he believes inflation expectations remain well anchored. Key Drivers The pandemic showed that supply-side factors such as labor shortages, supply chain disruptions, and commodity price spikes following conflicts like the Ukraine war, are crucial. New tariff policies, immigration restrictions that cut the supply of labor and large AI-driven infrastructure investments are some of the current day challenges. China, Canada A panel discussion addressed the electronic vehicle (EV) industry and the evolving trade relationship between China, Canada, and the United States. Panelists noted that China’s slowing domestic economy ha...

On January 21, 2026, the Supreme Court of the United States convened in Washington, D.C., for oral arguments in the high-stakes case of Trump v. Cook (No. 25A312). The proceedings, which began at 10:03 a.m. before Chief Justice Roberts and the Associate Justices, center on President Donald J. Trump's emergency application to stay a preliminary injunction that reinstated Lisa D. Cook to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. The central legal battle involves whether the President has the authority to remove a Federal Reserve governor for "cause" based on alleged misconduct that occurred before her tenure, specifically, claims of "deceit or gross negligence" regarding conflicting mortgage applications submitted in 2021. Solicitor General D. John Sauer represented the Applicants (the President), while Paul D. Clement argued on behalf of Respondent Lisa Cook. Amza Togore at the Supreme Cour t The core of the dispute rests on the definition of "ca...