A Primer on Social Security and US Government Spending. Leon Ilgner, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Nürnberg-Erlangen.
The US is currently facing the possibility of a government shutdown if Congress does not pass a funding bill or a stopgap measure before October 1. A short-term spending bill has been proposed to fund federal agencies for about three months, temporarily averting a shutdown. Government shutdowns occur when Congress fails to pass the 12 annual appropriation bills required to fund federal agencies. Under the Antideficiency Act, federal agencies cannot spend or obligate any money without an appropriation from Congress. When this happens, non-essential functions cease until Congress acts, leading to a government shutdown. Government shutdowns can be used as a political tool by parties to push their agendas. For example, a party may refuse to pass a funding bill unless certain policy demands are met. This tactic can create significant leverage, as the threat of a shutdown puts pressure on the opposing party to negotiate and potentially concede to some demands to keep the government running...